Unified thalamic model generates multiple distinct oscillations with state-dependent entrainment by stimulation

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005797
• Publication Date: 2017-10-26T13:29:24Z
• Authors: Guoshi Li; Craig S. Henriquez; Flavio Fröhlich
• Keywords: Entrainment (biomusicology); Neuromodulation; Oscillation (cell signaling)

The thalamus plays a critical role in the genesis of thalamocortical oscillations, yet underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To understand whether isolated can generate multiple distinct we developed biophysical thalamic model to test hypothesis that generation and transition between oscillations be explained as function neuromodulation by acetylcholine (ACh) norepinephrine (NE) afferent synaptic excitation. Indeed, exhibited four rhythms (delta, sleep spindle, alpha gamma oscillations) span physiological states corresponding different arousal levels from deep focused attention. Our simulation results indicate these is result both intrinsic oscillatory cellular properties specific network connectivity patterns. We then systematically varied ACh/NE input complete map their transitions. Lastly, applied periodic stimulation found entrainment highly state-dependent. support modulation excitation define response brain stimulation. proposes broader more central thalamo-cortical than previously assumed.