Global change in the trophic functioning of marine food webs

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182826
• Publication Date: 2017-08-11T13:23:57Z
• Authors: Aurore Maureaud; Didier Gascuel; Mathieu Colléter; Maria L. D. Palom...; Hubert Du Pontavice; Daniel Pauly; William W. L. Cheung
• Keywords: trends; 0106 biological sciences; 570; Conservation of Natural Resources; Food Chain; [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes; Science; Climate Change; Oceans and Seas; Fisheries; 01 natural sciences; [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems; pacific; Animals; Humans; /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action; Biomass; 14. Life underwater; impacts; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; Ecosystem; ecosystem; fish; Models, Statistical; r-package; efficiencies; /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_below_water; name=SDG 14 - Life Below Water; Q; R; Fishes; 500; Biodiversity; 15. Life on land; ocean; climate-change;fisheries catch;r-package;ecosystem;fish;impacts;ocean;pacific;trends;efficiencies; 13. Climate action; [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology; climate-change; Medicine; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; environment/Ecosystems; fisheries catch; Research Article

The development of fisheries in the oceans, and other human drivers such as climate warming, have led to changes species abundance, assemblages, trophic interactions, ultimately functioning marine food webs. Here, using a trophodynamic approach global databases catches life history traits species, we tested hypothesis that anthropogenic ecological impacts may parameters defining transfers biomass within web. First, developed two indicators assess changes: Time Cumulated Indicator (TCI) measuring residence time web, Efficiency (ECI) quantifying fraction secondary production reaching top chain. Then, assessed, at large ecosystem scale, worldwide change these over 1950–2010 time-periods. Global trends were identified cluster analyses used characterize variability between ecosystems. Results showed most common pattern study period is decrease TCI, while ECI indicator tends increase. Thus, assemblages would induce faster apparently more efficient also suggested main driver had been increase fishing pressure. largest occurred ecosystems where 'fishing down web' are intensive.