Gene expression analysis of nidus of cerebral arteriovenous malformations reveals vascular structures with deficient differentiation and maturation

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198617
• Publication Date: 2018-06-15T15:23:20Z
• Authors: Jaya Mary Thomas; Sumi Surendran; Mathew Abraham; Dhakshmi Sasankan; Sridutt Bhaadri; Arumugam Rajavelu; Chandrasekharan C...
• Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation

Objective Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are characterised by tangles of dysplastic blood vessels which shunt from arteries to veins with no intervening capillary bed. It is not known at what stage development and differentiation, AVM became aberrant. To address this, we have analysed the expression vascular maturation brain specific genes in nidus. Methodology We performed immunohistochemistry western blot analysis differentiation (HEY2, DLL4, EFNB2, COUP-TFII), (ENG KLF2) (GGTP GLUT1) on ten surgically excised human AVMs normal tissues. Results Immunohistochemical revealed that co-express both artery vein genes. H-score there statistically significant (P < 0.0001) increase these proteins compared control vessels. These findings were further confirmed found be 0.0001 P 0.001) for all except Hey2. Both immunostaining express GGTP GLUT1, markers capillaries. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated KLF2, a marker significantly <0.001) decreased was 0.001). another protein Endoglin had high The results 0.0001). Summary Our suggest structures arteries, conclude nidus constitutes aberrant terminally differentiated inadequately matured.