Early CD8+-recovery independently predicts low probability of disease relapse but also associates with severe GVHD after allogeneic HSCT

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204136
• Publication Date: 2018-09-20T17:50:53Z
• Authors: Juha Ranti; Samu Kurki; Urpu Salmenniemi; Mervi Putkonen; Soile Salomäki; Maija Itälä-Remes
• Keywords: Male; Science; Graft vs Host Disease; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Disease-Free Survival; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Recurrence; Risk Factors; Humans; Transplantation, Homologous; Probability; Proportional Hazards Models; Q; R; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; ta3121; Middle Aged; ta3122; 3. Good health; Kinetics; Chronic Disease; Multivariate Analysis; Medicine; Female; Research Article

In this single-center study we retrospectively evaluated the impact of early reconstitution different lymphocyte subsets on patient outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We found that CD8+ T-cell counts exceeding 50x10(6)/l as day 28 post-transplantation correlated significantly with decreased relapse risk, three-year rates 17.0% and 55.6% (P = 0.002), but were also associated severe acute chronic GVHD. Incidence grade III-IV GVHD was 30.5% for those recovery compared to 2.1% lower post-transplant (HR 20.24, P 0.004). Early did not, however, affect overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed slow strongly increased risk 3.44, 0.026). A weaker correlation between CD4+ relapse-risk, there no such association CD19+ B-cells or NK-cells. conclusion, is predicts impending GVHD, thus could be useful in guiding timely treatment decisions.