In vitro and in vivo anti-herpes simplex virus activity of monogalactosyl diacylglyceride from Coccomyxa sp. KJ (IPOD FERM BP-22254), a green microalga

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219305
• Publication Date: 2019-07-16T17:25:28Z
• Authors: Kyoko Hayashi; Jung-Bum Lee; Kinya Atsumi; Mana Kanazashi; Tamaki Shibayama; Kazumasa Okamoto; Toshio Kawahara; Toshimitsu Hayashi
• Keywords: Mice, Inbred BALB C; 0303 health sciences; Herpes Genitalis; Science; Galactolipids; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Q; R; alpha-Linolenic Acid; Antiviral Agents; 3. Good health; Administration, Intravaginal; Disease Models, Animal; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; Chlorocebus aethiops; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Microalgae; Medicine; Animals; Female; Particle Size; Vero Cells; Research Article

A monogalactosyl diacylglyceride (MGDG) was isolated as an antiviral component from Coccomyxa sp. KJ (IPOD FERM BP-22254) via bioassay-guided fractionation. α-Linolenic acid (C18:3) and 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic (C16:3) accounted for approximately 72% 23%, respectively, of the MGDG total fatty acids MGDG. The showed virucidal activity against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a pathogen that causes genital herpes. Physical changes in HSV-2 shape were observed after treatment with MGDG, including decrease particle size, possible damage to viral envelope, assessed using electron microscopy. In accordance morphological findings, particles lost their ability bind host cells. treated high concentrations resulted no pathogenicity animal model, indicating exhibits irreversible particles. model HSV-2-induced herpes, intravaginally administered exerted prophylactic effect by suppressing yields cavity formation herpetic lesions, resulting higher survival rate mice than control solvent. Thus, offers novel option HSV infections.