Genotype x environment interaction and genetic gain for grain yield and grain quality traits in Turkish spring wheat released between 1964 and 2010

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219432
• Publication Date: 2019-07-18T17:34:47Z
• Authors: Ajit Nehe; Beyhan Akin; Turgay Sanal; Asuman Kaplan Evlice; Rıza Ünsal; Nazım Dinçer; Lütfü Demir; Hatice Geren; Ismail Sevim; Şinasi Orhan; Sadiye Yaktubay; Ali Ezici; Carlos Guzman; Alexey Morgounov
• Keywords: Glutenin; Test weight; Genetic gain; Grain Quality; Germ plasm; Plant Breeding; Ammi; Breeding program

The study was conducted to determine the effects of genotype (G), environment (E), their interaction (GEI) and genetic gain on yield grain quality traits in Turkish spring wheat cultivars released between 1964 2010. We a multi-environment trial at three testing locations: Adana, Adapazarı, Izmir, during 2009, 2011 2013 cropping seasons tested 35 by respective breeding programs. Allelic variations high low molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS LMW-GS) 1B/1R translocation also determined evaluated all cultivars. Comparing across locations, Adana (6416 kg ha-1) relatively higher than Izmir (5887 Adapazarı (5205 (P<0.001). Overall, GY influenced varieties, location programs Cultivars from program performed better (6174 those (5996 (5351 (<0.001). recommend Ziyabey-98, Menemen, Basribey-95, for stable production studied regions because wide adaptability, Pamukova-97 future improve parameters. found have successfully increased 46 years. As group, after 2000 had highest indicating progress. Genetic 30.9 ha-1 per year with annual increase compared older cultivar Akova B-2 (4102 which constitutes 0.75% rate gain. Improvement related change protein composition rather an content whereas improvement seems mainly be increases test 1000 kernel weight. High subunit (HMW-GS) 5+10 showed frequency 2+12 decrease over period.