BCG vaccination and tuberculosis prevention: A forty years cohort study, Monastir, Tunisia

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219991
• Publication Date: 2019-08-05T17:30:05Z
• Authors: Cyrine Bennasrallah; Meriem Kacem; Wafa Dhouib; Imen Zemni; Manel Ben Fredj; Hela Abroug; Amira Djobbi; Assia Green; Samia Grira Said; Issam Maalel; Sarra Stambouli; Wafa Zhir; Hichem Bel Haj Yo...; Asma Sriha Belguith
• Keywords: BCG vaccine; Tuberculosis prevention

We aimed to describe incidence, trends of tuberculosis (TB) over 18 years and evaluate the impact BCG vaccine after four decades immunization program according three protocols. performed a cohort study including declared cases in Monastir from January 1, 2000 December 31, 2017. reported 997 TB. The predominant site was pulmonarylocalization (n = 486). age standardized incidence pulmonary lymph node TB per 100,000 inh were 5.71 2.57 respectively. Trends negative for (PTB) (b - 0.82; r -0.67; p<10−3) positive localization 1.31; 0.63; p<10−3). had not notified HIV associated with Crude rate (CIR) PTB 8.17 Non-Vaccinated Cohort (NVC) 2.85 Vaccinated (VC) (p < 0.0001). Relative risk reduction (RRR) vaccination 65.1% (95%CI:57.5;71.4) 65% (95%CI:55; 73) other localizations. have established significant RRR on Protocol 3 (at birth) highest effectiveness 96.7% (95%CI: 86.6%; 99.2%) 86% (95%CI:71%;91%) patients localizations In Cox regression model HR 0.061 (95% CI 0.015–0.247) 0.395 0.185–0.844) receiving protocol compared NVC. For lymph-node TB, 1.390 1.043–1.851) 1 1.849 1.232–2.774) 2 Depending protocols, that must be kept improved. However, protocols reverse effect