In-depth hepatoprotective mechanistic study of Phyllanthus niruri: In vitro and in vivo studies and its chemical characterization

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226185
• Publication Date: 2020-01-15T18:43:10Z
• Authors: Marwa I. Ezzat; Mona M. Okba; Sherif H. Ahmed; Hossny A. El-Banna; Abdelbary Prince; Shanaz O. Mohamed; Shahira M. Ezzat
• Keywords: Phyllanthus; Ellagic Acid

Phyllanthus niruri L. is a widespread tropical plant which used in Ayurvedic system for liver and kidney ailments. The present study aims at specifying the most active hepatoprotective extract of P. applying bio-guided protocol to identify compounds responsible this effect. aerial parts were extracted separately with water, 50%, 70% 80% ethanol. cytoprotective activity extracts was evaluated against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity clone-9 Hepg2 cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation aqueous (AE) accomplished isolation compounds. Antioxidant assessed using DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). vivo AE rats different doses after determination its LD50. Pretreatment concentrations 0.1, 0.01 mg/ml) had significantly reduced levels alanine aminotransferase (ALT) aspartate (AST) CCl4 injures, restored natural antioxidants; glutathione (GSH) superoxide dismutase (SOD) towards normalization. Fractionation gave four fractions (I-IV). Fractions I, II, IV showed significant vitro activity. Purification II yielded seven compounds; corilagin C1, isocorilagin C2, brevifolin C3, quercetin C4, kaempferol rhamnoside C5, gallic acid C6, carboxylic C7. Compounds C7 highest (p< 0.001) potency, while C6 exhibited moderate strong (IC50 11.6 ± 2 μg/ml) FRAP (79.352 2.88 mM Ferrous equivalents) In administration (25, 50, 100 200 mg/kg) caused normalization AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol (TC), triglycyrides (TG), bilirubin (TB), glucose, proteins (TP), urea creatinine elevated by CCl4. also decreased TNF-α, NF-KB, IL-6, IL-8, IL10 COX-2 expression, antagonizes effect on enzymes SOD, catalase (CAT), reductase (GR), peroxidase (GSP). histopathological supported AE. isolates potent cell lines through reduction lipid peroxidation maintaining form. This attributable their phenolic nature hence antioxidative potential.