Spatial genetic structure and diversity of natural populations of Aesculus hippocastanum L. in Greece

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226225
• Publication Date: 2019-12-11T18:38:41Z
• Authors: Łukasz Walas; Petros Ganatsas; Grzegorz Iszkuło; Peter A. Thomas; Monika Dering
• Keywords: Biodiversity hotspot; Habitat Fragmentation; Isolation by distance; Aesculus hippocastanum; Environmental niche modelling

Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) is an endemic and relict species from the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot a popular ornamental tree. Knowledge about evolutionary history of this remains scarce. Here, we ask what historical ecological factors shaped pattern genetic diversity differentiation species. We genotyped 717 individuals nine natural populations using microsatellite markers. The influence distance, topography habitat variables on spatial structure was tested within approaches isolation-by-distance isolation-by-ecology. Species niche modeling used to project theoretical range through time space. showed high moderate for which topography, progressive contraction species' long-term persistence in stable climatic refugia are likely responsible. A strong geographic component revealed among five clusters that connected with very limited gene flow. environmental were significant factor structure. Modeling results indicated future reduction may affect its survival. possible impact climate changes need situ conservation discussed.