Plasma and urine metabolomic analyses in aortic valve stenosis reveal shared and biofluid-specific changes in metabolite levels

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242019
• Publication Date: 2020-11-25T18:25:33Z
• Authors: Cynthia Al Hageh; Ryan Rahy; Georges Khazen; Francois Brial; Rony S. Khnayzer; Dominique Gauguier; Pierre A. Zalloua
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; Science; 610; Urinalysis; Urine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Plasma; 03 medical and health sciences; Humans; Metabolomics; Q; R; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Middle Aged; 6. Clean water; 3. Good health; Echocardiography; Aortic Valve; Case-Control Studies; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Multivariate Analysis; Medicine; Regression Analysis; Female; Biomarkers; Research Article

Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a prevalent condition among the elderly population that eventually requires aortic replacement. The lack of reliable biomarkers for AVS poses challenge its early diagnosis and application preventive measures. Untargeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics was applied in 46 cases controls to identify plasma urine metabolites underlying risk. Multivariate data analyses were performed on pre-processed (e.g. spectral peak alignment), order detect changes metabolite levels patients evaluate their performance group separation sensitivity prediction, followed by regression test association with AVS. Through untargeted analysis 190 130 features could be detected quantified GC-MS spectra, we identified contrasting 22 21 between control subjects. Following assignment, observed significant concentration known (n = 14) 15) distinguish metabolomic profiles from healthy controls. Associations replicated both about half these metabolites. Among these, 2-Oxovaleric acid, elaidic myristic palmitic estrone, myo-inositol showed trends regulation two biofluids. Only trans-Aconitic acid 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol consistent patterns urine. These results illustrate power identifying potential disease-associated provide foundation further studies towards diagnostic applications severe heart conditions may prevent surgery elderly.