Increased elastase sensitivity and decreased intramolecular interactions in the more transmissible 501Y.V1 and 501Y.V2 SARS-CoV-2 variants’ spike protein–an in silico analysis

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251426
• Publication Date: 2021-05-26T17:57:09Z
• Authors: Suman Pokhrel; Benjamin R. Kraemer; Lucia Lee; Kate Samardzic; Daria Mochly-Rosen
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Pancreatic Elastase; Neutrophils; Protein Stability; SARS-CoV-2; Science; Q; R; COVID-19; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Protein Structure, Tertiary; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Mutation; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Medicine; Humans; Amino Acid Sequence; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Sequence Alignment; Research Article; Protein Binding

Two SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern showing increased transmissibility relative to the Wuhan virus have recently been identified. Although neither variant appears to cause more severe illness nor increased risk of death, the faster spread of the virus is a major threat. Using computational tools, we found that the new SARS-CoV-2 variants may acquire an increased transmissibility by increasing the propensity of its spike protein to expose the receptor binding domain via proteolysis, perhaps by neutrophil elastase and/or via reduced intramolecular interactions that contribute to the stability of the closed conformation of spike protein. This information leads to the identification of potential treatments to avert the imminent threat of these more transmittable SARS-CoV-2 variants.