Equine keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of insect bite hypersensitivity: Just another brick in the wall?

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266263
• Publication Date: 2022-08-01T18:59:09Z
• Authors: Iva Cvitas; Simone Oberhaensli; Tosso Leeb; Eliane Marti
• Keywords: Keratinocytes; 630 Agriculture; Science; Q; Toll-Like Receptors; R; Insect Bites and Stings; 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences; Allergens; Ceratopogonidae; Toll-Like Receptor 1; 3. Good health; 0403 veterinary science; Hypersensitivity; 590 Animals (Zoology); Medicine; Animals; Cytokines; Horse Diseases; Horses; Research Article

Equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is the most common skin disease affecting horses. It described as an IgE-mediated, Type I reaction to salivary gland proteins of Culicoides insects. Together with Th2 cells, epithelial barrier cells play important role in development hypersensitivities. In order elucidate equine keratinocytes IBH, we stimulated derived from IBH-affected (IBH-KER) (n = 9) and healthy horses (H-KER) recombinant allergens extract, allergic cytokine milieu (ACM) a Toll like receptor ligand 1/2 (TLR-1/2-L) investigated their transcriptomes. Stimulation did not induce transcriptional changes. However, when milieu, gene expression significantly changed. We found upregulation genes encoding for CCL5 , -11 -20 -27 interleukins such IL31 . also strong downregulation SCEL KRT16 involved formation barrier. Following stimulation TLR-1/2-L, upregulated NOD-receptor signaling pathway well NF-kappa B pathway, among others. The transcriptomes IBH-KER H-KER were very similar: without stimulations they only differed one ( CTSL) ; following 23 differentially expressed (e.g. CXCL10 11 ) TLR-1/2-L by seven genes. Our data suggests that contribute innate immune response are able elicit responses different stimuli, possibly playing pathogenesis IBH.