Distinct mechanisms underlie H2O2 sensing in C. elegans head and tail

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274226
• Publication Date: 2022-09-29T19:12:57Z
• Authors: Sophie Quintin; Théo Aspert; Tao Ye; Gilles Charvin
• Keywords: Neurons; 0303 health sciences; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; Science; Q; R; Hydrogen Peroxide; Peroxiredoxins; Oxidative Stress; 03 medical and health sciences; Medicine; Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Research Article

Environmental oxidative stress threatens cellular integrity and should therefore be avoided by living organisms. Yet, relatively little is known about environmental oxidative stress perception. Here, using microfluidics, we showed that like I2 pharyngeal neurons, the tail phasmid PHA neurons function as oxidative stress sensing neurons in C. elegans, but display different responses to H2O2 and light. We uncovered that different but related receptors, GUR-3 and LITE-1, mediate H2O2 signaling in I2 and PHA neurons. Still, the peroxiredoxin PRDX-2 is essential for both, and might promote H2O2-mediated receptor activation. Our work demonstrates that C. elegans can sense a broad range of oxidative stressors using partially distinct H2O2 signaling pathways in head and tail sensillae, and paves the way for further understanding of how the integration of these inputs translates into the appropriate behavior.