Analytical performances of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay using stool specimens to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Burkina Faso, a tuberculosis endemic country

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288671
• Publication Date: 2023-07-31T17:21:48Z
• Authors: Odilon D. Kaboré; Anselme Millogo; Bintou Sanogo; Emile Birba; Armel Poda; Boubacar Nacro; Olivier Marcy; Sylvain Godreuil; Abdoul-Salam Ouéd...
• Keywords: GeneXpert MTB/RIF; Gold standard (test); Sputum culture; Tuberculosis diagnosis

Timely diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is associated with good prognosis, but remains difficult in primary healthcare facilities and particularly children patients living HIV. The aim this study was to compare the GeneXpert ® MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) performed using a stool sample (3–5 g) first Respiratory Tract Sample (RTS; i . e ., sputum, bronchoalveolar or gastric aspirate; as normally done) concomitantly collected from 119 suspected PTB improve Burkina Faso, high tuberculosis burden country limited resources. Overall, microbiological, microscopic molecular analysis RTS specimens led Mycobacterium complex detection 28 (23 positive cultures 5 negative cultures-RTS Xpert positive). When clinical confirmed cases reference standard, sensitivities stool-based RTS-based assays were not different (24/28, 85.7%, versus 26/28, 92.86%; p > 0.30), 22 results fully concordant. Considering culture gold detect 100% (23/23) 91.3% (21/23), respectively ( >0.05). specificity for excluding 99% (95/96) (compared 95%, 91/96, when RTS) its predictive values (95/95) 96% (23/24), respectively. Compared 23 cultures, incremental yield rates 4.2% (5/119) 0.84% (1/119), our findings support an alternative method earlier diagnosis, are obtain.