Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children <5 Years Old: 2016 to 2020

• DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-062574
• Publication Date: 2024-02-01T08:07:05Z
• Authors: Aaron T. Curns; Brian Rha; Joana Y. Lively; Leila C. Sahni; Janet A. Englund; Geoffrey A. Weinberg; Natasha B. Halasa; Mary A. Staat; Rangaraj Selvarangan; Marian Michaels; Heidi Moline; Yingtao Zhou; Ariana Perez; Chelsea Rohlfs; Robert Hickey; Kirsten Lacombe; Rendie McHenry; Brett Whitaker; Jennifer Schuster; Claudia Guevara P...; Bonnie Strelitz; Christina Quigley; Gina Weddle DNP; Vasanthi Avadhanula; Christopher J. Ha...; Laura S. Stewart; Elizabeth Schlaud...; Peter G. Szilagyi; Eileen J. Klein; Julie Boom; John V. Williams; Gayle Langley; Susan I. Gerber; Aron J. Hall; Meredith L. McMorrow
• Keywords: Medical record

BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in US infants. Accurate estimates severe RSV disease inform policy decisions for prevention. METHODS We conducted prospective surveillance children <5 years old with acute respiratory illness from 2016 to 2020 at 7 pediatric hospitals. interviewed parents, reviewed medical records, and tested midturbinate nasal ± throat swabs by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction other viruses. describe characteristics hospitalized RSV, risk factors ICU admission, estimate RSV-associated rates. RESULTS Among 13 524 inpatients old, 4243 (31.4%) were RSV-positive; 2751 (64.8%) RSV-positive had no underlying condition or history prematurity. The average annual rate was 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8–4.1) per 1000 years, highest among 0 2 months (23.8 [95% CI: 22.5–25.2] 1000) decreased increasing age. Higher rates found premature versus term (rate ratio = 1.95 1.76–2.11]). Risk admission included: age 3 5 (adjusted odds [aOR] 1.97 1.54–2.52] aOR 1.56 1.18–2.06], respectively, compared 24–59 months), prematurity (aOR 1.32 1.08–1.60]) comorbid conditions 1.35 1.10–1.66]). CONCLUSIONS Younger infants experienced increased admission. prevention products are needed reduce morbidity young