The Global Burden of Resistant Hypertension and Potential Treatment Options

• DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2023.51
• Publication Date: 2024-06-24T09:37:17Z
• Authors: Giacomo Buso; Claudia Agabiti-R...; Matteo Lemoli; Federica Corvini; Maria Lorenza Mui...
• Keywords: Antihypertensive drug; Refractory (planetary science)

Resistant hypertension (RH) is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic (DBP) that remains ≥140 mmHg ≥90 mmHg, respectively, despite an appropriate lifestyle and the use of optimal maximally tolerated doses a three-drug combination, including diuretic. This definition encompasses category controlled RH, presence (BP) effectively by four more antihypertensive agents, well refractory hypertension, referred to uncontrolled BP five drugs different classes, To confirm RH presence, various causes pseudo-resistant (such improper measurement techniques poor medication adherence) secondary must be ruled out. Inadequate control should confirmed out-of-office measurement. affects about 5% hypertensive population associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity mortality. Once confirmed, patient evaluation includes identification contributing factors such issues interfering drugs/substances assessment hypertension-mediated organ damage. Management comprises interventions optimisation current therapy. Additional introduced sequentially if renal denervation can considered additional treatment option. However, achieving challenging in this setting. review aims provide overview its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic work-up, latest therapeutic developments.