Fumigant Alternatives for Methyl Bromide Prior to Turfgrass Establishment1

• DOI: 10.1614/0890-037x(2002)016[0379:fafmbp]2.0.co;2
• Publication Date: 2006-07-18T03:42:54Z
• Authors: J. BRYAN UNRUH; BARRY J. BRECKE; JOAN A. DUSKY; JOHN S. GODBEHERE
• Keywords: Chloropicrin

Potassium azide (PA) (112 kg/ha), oxadiazon 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) (168 kg/ha 140 L/ha), dazomet (392 chloropicrin 168 1,3-D iodomethane (IM) (336 metam-sodium (MS) (748 MS L/ha and L/ha) were evaluated at Jay Arcadia, FL, in 1998 1999 as alternatives to methyl bromide (MeBr) fumigation for the management of common turfgrass weeds. was effective MeBr controlling 'Coastal' bermudagrass, yellow purple nutsedges, alexandergrass, broadleaf signalgrass, tall sharppod morningglories, various winter annual weeds, but it failed provide acceptable control redroot pigweed. 1,3-Dichloropropene did not nutsedge, or Coastal bermudagrass. Similarly, this combination treatment carpetweed 83% weed species, 71% alexandergrass ≥ 80% morningglory, Dazomet treatments provided bermudagrass Jay; however, signalgrass Arcadia. Sedge species with combinations poor (< 63%) both sites. Iodomethane, a yet registered by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), controlled weedy grass sedge weeds present two locations under different environmental conditions. Metam-sodium alone chloropicrin, tarped untarped, control; covered plastic tarp 48 h best treatment. tarp, equal MeBr; unacceptable Arcadia 56 79%, respectively. applied pigweed; control. These studies confirm that no EPA-registered fumigant alternative MeBr, preplant turf soil fumigation, exists. Consequently, until such time an is identified, managers will be forced forego they have choose less-effective accept consequences contamination.Nomenclature: Chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane); dazomet; 1,3-dichloropropene; iodomethane; metam-sodium; bromide; oxadiazon; potassium azide; Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) A.S. Hitchc. #3 BRAPL; Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDA; platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash BRAPP; carpetweed, Mollugo verticillata L. MOLVE; Cyperus rotundus CYPRO; pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus AMARE; Ipomoea cordatotriloba Dennstedt IPOTC; purpurea IPOPU; esculentus CYPES.Additional index words: Fumigation, sod, turf.Abbreviations: 1,3-D, EPA, Agency; IM, MITC, isothiocyanate; MS, PA, WAT, weeks after