Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan

• DOI: 10.20944/preprints202503.1002.v1
• Publication Date: 2025-03-17T03:30:24Z
• Authors: Shynbolat Rsaliyev; Elena Gultyaeva; Olga Baranova; Alma Kohmetova; Rahim Urazaliev; Ekaterina Shaydayuk; Akbope Abdikadyrova; Galiya Abugali
• Keywords: Winter wheat; Rust (programming language); Stripe rust

In an effort to enhance wheat's resilience against rust diseases, our research explores the genetic underpinnings of resistance in a diverse collection winter bread wheat accessions. Leaf (Puccinia triticina), yellow striiformis f. sp. tritici), and stem graminis tritici) are significant threats global production. By leveraging host resistance, we can improve disease management strategies. Our study evaluated 55 accessions, including germplasm from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, France, CIMMYT under field conditions southern Kazakhstan 2022 2024. The results showed robust profile: 49.1% accessions exhibited high moderate leaf rust, 12.7% 30.9% rust. Notably, ten demonstrated multiple species, while seven two rusts. Twenty were selected for further seedling molecular analysis. Three proved resistant six isolates P. triticina, four striiformis, five graminis. Although no genotypes found be universally all species at stage, — Bezostaya 100 (Russia) KIZ 90 (Kazakhstan) displayed consistent both evaluations. Molecular analysis revealed presence key genes, Lr1, Lr3, Lr26, Lr34, Yr9, Yr18, Sr31, Sr57, 1AL.1RS translocation. This work provides valuable insights into landscape contributes development new cultivars that withstand these enhancing food security.