Comparing Out-of-Pocket Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life Between Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

• DOI: 10.2147/dhps.s496619
• Publication Date: 2025-04-25T10:00:15Z
• Authors: Sisi Hu; Preeti Zanwar; Tara Jenkins; Rajkumar Sevak; Bhaskara Jasti

To compare the impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2 inhibitor), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), with or without metformin, on out pocket and total prescription expenditure health-related quality life (HRQoL) for patients type diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This observational study utilized 2017-2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from T2DM (≥18 years) SGLT2 inhibitor, GLP-1 RA, payer self-perspective. HRQoL was assessed using physical (PCS) mental component summary (MCS) scores based Veterans Rand 12. estimated survey-weighed out-of-pocket (OOP) costs refills expenditures. Propensity score matching used to mitigate selection bias health expenditures, were compared Mann-Whitney U-test. P-value thresholds recalculated Bonferroni adjustment (Total OOP, PCS, MCS: p=0.017). Patients RA alone had significantly higher OOP than those (median: $166.50 vs $81.00, p<0.01). No significant difference existed between two treatments expenditures $9831.53vs. $9458.80, p=0.059), MCS (median:52.41 53.48, p=0.40), PCS 45.22 44.54, p=0.19). metformin $140.40 $107.33, p <0.01). There is a combination $9453.96 $6711.47, p<0.01), 54.19 54.30, p=0.70), 45.69 46.08, p=0.55). Even though have costs, in not significant. Further investigation needed long-term clinical outcomes.