Purification of spent deicing fluid by membrane techniques

• DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.406
• Publication Date: 2021-09-20T13:40:37Z
• Authors: Joni Lehto; Juha Heikkinen; Hanna Kyllönen; Juha Hakala; Marjut Suomalainen
• Keywords: membrane distillation; membrane filtration; techno-economic assessment; Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering; 7. Clean energy; 01 natural sciences; Water Purification; 12. Responsible consumption; reverse osmosis; Recycling; Innovation; ta116; ta215; TD1-1066; 0105 earth and related environmental sciences; SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities; 6. Clean water; propylene glycol; 8. Economic growth; and Infrastructure; SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation; SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production; SDG 9 - Industry; Filtration; deicing fluid

Abstract Membrane-based concept comprising microfiltration and nanofiltration pre-treatments, reverse osmosis pre-concentration, and membrane distillation used for final concentration was applied for producing purified and concentrated recycled deicing fluid. Additionally, a techno-economic assessment was conducted to determine the economic viability of the recycling concept. By a straightforward membrane-based concept, ∼95% of solid and colloidal impurities together with certain deicing fluid additives such as colorants and surfactants could be efficiently removed (removal efficiencies of ∼90% and ∼93%, respectively), and resulting purified deicing fluid could be concentrated to ∼60 wt% glycol solution, enabling its recycling in deicing operations. Preliminary techno-economic assessment indicated that a membrane-based concept can be used as an economically viable alternative for recycling the spent deicing fluid at airports. The techno-economic case study at an airport consuming 4,000 tonnes of deicing fluid during 6 months annually showed the concept to be economically feasible when the price of purchased propylene glycol is over 1,000 EUR/tonne. In addition to the purchase price of the propylene glycol, the most important cost factors were labor cost and the annual consumption of deicing fluid. Integrating the membrane concept with other operations at airport has potential to decrease the labor cost and further improve the economic feasibility of the concept.