Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes During Pregnancy and Risk of ADHD in Offspring

• DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0733
• Publication Date: 2018-10-29T15:15:16Z
• Authors: Anny H. Xiang; Xinhui Wang; Mayra P. Martinez; Darios Getahun; Kathleen A. Page; Thomas A. Buchanan; Klara Feldman
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Adolescent; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Mothers; California; 3. Good health; Cohort Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; 03 medical and health sciences; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; 0302 clinical medicine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Pregnancy; Risk Factors; Child, Preschool; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Humans; Female; Longitudinal Studies; Child; Retrospective Studies

To examine the relative importance of maternal preexisting type 1 diabetes (T1D), 2 (T2D), and gestational mellitus (GDM) on risk attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring.This retrospective birth cohort study included 333,182 singletons born 1995-2012 within Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals. Children were prospectively followed through electronic medical records from age 4 years. Relative risks ADHD associated with exposures utero estimated by hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox regression adjustment for potential confounders. For GDM, timing exposure was evaluated at diagnosis severity assessed need antidiabetes medication treatment during pregnancy.A total 37,878 (11.4%) children exposed to (522 T1D, 7,822 T2D, 29,534 GDM). During a median 4.9 years (interquartile range 2.2, 9.6) follow-up after years, 17,415 (5.2%) diagnosed ADHD. not GDM taken as whole (P = 0.50) or 0.16). However, significantly greater requiring versus medications < 0.001). Compared unexposed diabetes, adjusted HRs 1.57 (95% CI 1.09-2.25) 1.43 (1.29-1.60) 1.26 (1.14-1.41) medications, 0.93 (0.86-1.01) medications.The hierarchy suggests that (T1D vs. T2D medications) influences offspring mothers diabetes.