Modifiable Lifestyle Factors, Genetic Risk, and Incident Peripheral Artery Disease Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study

• DOI: 10.2337/dc23-1503
• Publication Date: 2024-01-05T20:45:50Z
• Authors: Kai Zhu; Frank Qian; Qi Lu; Rui Li; Zixin Qiu; Lin Li; Ruyi Li; Hancheng Yu; Yulei Deng; Kun Yang; An Pan; Gang Liu
• Keywords: Peripheral Arterial Disease; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Risk Factors; Humans; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Prospective Studies; Life Style

OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the association between modifiable lifestyle factors and peripheral artery disease (PAD) among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 14,543 T2D from UK Biobank. defined a weighted healthy score using nonsmoking, regular physical activity, high-quality diet, moderate alcohol consumption, optimal waist-to-hip ratio, adequate sleep duration, categorized into unfavorable, intermediate, favorable lifestyles. created genetic risk (GRS) 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms previously found to be associated PAD. modeled PAD, overall stratified by PAD susceptibility. RESULTS After median 13.5 years of follow-up, 628 incident cases were documented. A linear inverse was observed, hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) 0.27 (0.19, 0.38) for compared unfavorable (Ptrend < 0.0001). An estimated 58.3% (45.0%, 69.1%) in this population could potentially avoidable if all participants attained lifestyle. Moreover, GRS increased (HR [95% CI] per SD increment: 1.13 [1.03, 1.23]). able partially mitigate excess higher GRS, albeit as nonsignificant interaction. Several biomarkers lipid metabolism, hepatic/renal function, systemic inflammation pathways collectively explained 13.3% (8.5%, 20.1%) CONCLUSIONS lower T2D, independent predisposition