Pre-Type I Diabetes: Linear Loss of Beta Cell Response to Intravenous Glucose

• DOI: 10.2337/diab.33.8.717
• Publication Date: 2013-09-19T17:16:02Z
• Authors: S Srikanta; O P Ganda; R E Gleason; R A Jackson; J S Soeldner; G S Eisenbarth
• Keywords: Adult; Blood Glucose; Male; Time Factors; Adolescent; Administration, Oral; Twins, Monozygotic; Glucose Tolerance Test; Middle Aged; 3. Good health; Prediabetic State; Islets of Langerhans; 03 medical and health sciences; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; 0302 clinical medicine; Pregnancy; Injections, Intravenous; Insulin Secretion; Diseases in Twins; Humans; Insulin; Female; Child

Twenty-one intravenous (i.v.) glucose tolerance tests were performed on nine subjects before the onset of overt type I diabetes mellitus. Islet cell antibodies (6 of 9 subjects) and elevated levels of la-positive T-lymphocytes (3 of 3 subjects studied) were detected during the prediabetic period. Elevations of fasting blood glucose and peak glucose during oral glucose tolerance tests were not observed until the year before onset of clinically overt diabetes. During the prediabetic period, there was a progressive loss of early-phase insulin release to i. v. glucose (rate of decline, 20–40 μU/ml insulin release/yr; correlation coefficient, 0.9).