Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Renal Involvement in Patients with Dengue Viral Infection

• DOI: 10.25259/ijn_393_2024
• Publication Date: 2025-03-12T11:04:53Z
• Authors: Avichal Rajpal; Mohan Kumar Hanum...; Jasmine Sethi; Radha Kanta Ratho; Ashok Kumar Pannu; Mani Rajendran; Ashish Behera; Saurabh Chandrabh...; Aravind Sekar; Ritambhra Nada; Navneet Sharma

Background Kidney involvement has been reported frequently in people with Dengue virus infection (DVI). We evaluated the patterns of renal involvement in DVI and its effect on morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods This study was conducted on 170 patients hospitalized with dengue fever in a tertiary care hospital between July 2022 and September 2023. Patients were tested for clinical and laboratory parameters, including urine routine and microscopy, spot urine protein/creatinine ratio, and ultrasonography. Patients with renal involvement were followed up for four and 12 weeks.

Results Of 170 patients, 51 (30%) had renal involvement, and 36 (21.17%) had acute kidney injury (AKI). Ten patients developed Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome Stage 3 AKI, of which seven required kidney replacement therapy, and 27.6% of patients developed urinary abnormalities. Patients with renal involvement had higher mortality (p-value <0.001). Among those who survived, renal abnormalities resolved in all except one who progressed to chronic kidney disease. Three patients showed cast nephropathy in their renal biopsies.

Conclusion This study links renal involvement to higher mortality of patients with DVI, underscoring its importance in management and prognostication.