Respective Performance of 18F-FDG PET and Radiolabeled Leukocyte Scintigraphy for the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

• DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.141895
• Publication Date: 2014-11-14T05:33:26Z
• Authors: François Rouzet; Renata Chequer; Khadija Benali; Laurent Lepage; Walid Ghodbane; Xavier Duval; Bernard Iung; Alec Vahanian; Dominique Le Guludec; Fabien Hyafil
• Keywords: Male; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Middle Aged; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Positron-Emission Tomography; Leukocytes; Humans; Female; Radiopharmaceuticals; Aged; Granulocytes

Echocardiography plays a key role in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) but can be inconclusive patients whom prosthetic valve (PVE) is suspected. The incremental diagnostic value ¹⁸F-FDG PET and radiolabeled leukocyte scintigraphy IE has already been reported. aim this study was to compare respective performance for PVE 39 patients. <b>Methods:</b>¹⁸F-FDG were performed on consecutive admitted because clinically suspected echocardiography results. results analyzed separately retrospectively by experienced physicians masked other imaging technique patient outcome. final Duke–Li classification made after 3-mo follow-up. <b>Results:</b> Of patients, 14 classified as having definite IE, 4 possible 21 not IE. average interval between 7 ± d. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative accuracy 93%, 71%, 68%, 94%, 80%, respectively, 64%, 100%, 81%, 86%, scintigraphy. Discrepancies occurred 12 (31%). In with 5 had true-positive false-negative these 3 nonpyogenic microorganism (<i>Coxiella</i> or <i>Candida</i>). excluded, 6 true-negative false-positive These imaged first 2 mo last cardiac surgery. discrepancy <b>Conclusion:</b>¹⁸F-FDG offers high sensitivity detection active infection Leukocyte higher however, than should considered cases findings