Development and validation of the Parental Interoception Questionnaire (PIQ)

• DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/76spt_v1
• Publication Date: 2025-04-02T20:52:10Z
• Authors: Carolina Villegas; Michal Tanzer; ATHANASIOS KOUKOU...; Aikaterini Fotopo...
• Keywords: Interoception

Interoception, the awareness and processing of internal bodily-signals, plays a fundamental role in homeostasis emotion-regulation. Despite this, current evidence does not yet explain how interoceptive abilities develop. Some theories suggest that parent-child interactions play crucial role, however, direct related instruments are currently lacking. Therefore, this study aims to develop novel Parental Interoception Questionnaire (PIQ) assess parental interoception, defined as ability parents notice respond their child’s bodily signals. The followed three-phases for scale development validation. Phase 1 employed mixed-methods approach generate questionnaire items content validity. 2 involved large-scale data collection refine establish its factor structure through exploratory analysis (EFA). 3 confirmed using confirmatory (CFA) with new sample evaluated construct validity reliability. final 24-item comprises five factors: Attention, Epistemic Attitudes, Trust Self-Efficacy, Regulation, Linking. Content analyses relevance items, while testing showed significant associations theoretically relevant constructs, such emotion-regulation, mentalizing, children’s externalizing internalizing behaviours. measure also exhibited strong test-retest PIQ provides tool investigating perceive regulate Its application future research, along other behavioural observational measures, could enhance our understanding interoception contribute identifying individual differences process.