Modulación de la expresión de genes de incretinas mediada por nutrientes: revisión sistemática

• DOI: 10.3305/nh.2012.27.1.5437
• Publication Date: 2012-01-01
• Authors: Rodrigo Martínez-...; Ángel Gil
• Keywords: Proglucagon; Incretin; Enteroendocrine cell; Prohormone convertase

Incretins are a cluster of hormones which secreted and released into the bloodstream after food intake by gut enteroendocrine cells, reaching to pancreas where produce a potentiating effect on insulin release. The aim of this study was perform systematic review incretins gene expression mediated nutrients using specific search equations in PubMed database. two most relevant incretins GLP-1 and GIP, come from proglucagon proGIP precursor respectively. GLP-1 is mainly synthesized ileum colon L cells, contrast GIP does it K cells duodenum and proximal jejunum. It has been shown that canonical Wnt signalling pathway is closely related the production these hormones, since transcription factor TCF7L2 affects proglucagon gene expression in L enteroendocrine cells. On other hand, it that hexosamine biosynthetic pathway can produce N-linked glycosylation -catenin, an essential component canonical signalling. This process hinders β-catenin phosphorylation and, thereby prevents proteasome degradation. Increasing glucose concentration enhances thus β-catenin glycosylation. This causes cytoplasmic accumulation allowing entry nucleus, it exerts its action binding clump molecules and transcription factors, express target genes, including incretin hormones. There also evidence that glucose, through pathway, can induces autocrine activation pathway by stimulating secretion proteins.