Mechano-biochemical marine stimulation of inversion, gastrulation, and endomesoderm specification in multicellular Eukaryota

• DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.992371
• Publication Date: 2022-12-01T18:04:26Z
• Authors: Ngoc Minh Nguyen; Tatiana Merle; Florence Broders-...; Anne-Christine Br...; Aude Battistella; Emelie Britt Linn...; Florian Sarron; Aditya Jha; Jean-Luc Gennisson; Eric Röttinger; María Elena Ferná...; Emmanuel Farge
• Keywords: Multicellular organism

The evolutionary emergence of the primitive gut in Metazoa is one decisive events that conditioned major transition, leading to origin animal development. It thought have been induced by specification endomesoderm (EM) into multicellular tissue and its invagination (i.e., gastrulation). However, biochemical signals underlying EM gastrulation remain unknown. Herein, we find hydrodynamic mechanical strains, reminiscent soft marine flow, trigger active invagination/gastrulation or curvature reversal via a Myo-II-dependent mechanotransductive process both metazoan Nematostella vectensis ( cnidaria ) choanoflagellate Choanoeca flexa. In latter, our data suggest associated with sensory-behavioral feeding response. Additionally, like bilaterian animals, cnidarian shown participate through activation β-catenin pathway phosphorylation Y654-βcatenin. Choanoflagellates are considered closest living relative metazoans, common ancestor choanoflagellates metazoans dates back at least 700 million years. Therefore, present findings using these evolutionarily distant species may initiated response stress already pre-Metazoa. Then, transition achieved specifying mechanosensitive Y654-βcatenin dependent mechanism, which appeared during early evolution specifically conserved all animals.