SARS-CoV-2 infection of intestinal epithelia cells sensed by RIG-I and DHX-15 evokes innate immune response and immune cross-talk

• DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1035711
• Publication Date: 2023-02-07T07:18:49Z
• Authors: Lijuan Zhang; Yize Zhang; Ruiqin Wang; Xiaoning Liu; Jinmeng Zhao; Masato Tsuda; You Li
• Keywords: Granzyme; CCL18; Cellular immunity

SARS-CoV-2 causes a spectrum of clinical symptoms from respiratory damage to gastrointestinal disorders. Intestinal infection triggers immune response. However, the cellular mechanism that how initiates and induces intestinal immunity is not understood. Here, we exploited SARS-CoV-2-GFP/ΔN trVLP pseudo-virus system demonstrated RIG-I DHX15 are required for sensing inducing response through MAVS signaling in epithelial cells (IECs) upon infection. NLRP6 also engages regulation by producing IL-18. Furthermore, primary provoked IECs further cascades activation MAIT produces cytotoxic cytokines including IFN-γ, granzyme B via an IL-18 dependent mechanism. These findings taken together unveil molecular basis recognition SARS-CoV-2, provide insights cross-talk with other amplified probably contributes immunopathogenesis COVID-19.