Metatranscriptomic holobiont analysis of carbohydrate-active enzymes in the millipede Telodeinopus aoutii (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.931986
• Publication Date: 2022-09-16T08:43:52Z
• Authors: Puspendu Sardar; Vladimír Šustr; Alica Chroňáková; František Lorenc
• Keywords: Hindgut; Millipede; Holobiont; Foregut; Ruminococcus; Myriapoda

As important decomposers of soil organic matter, millipedes contribute to lignocellulose decomposition and nutrient cycling. The degradation requires the action several carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and, in most invertebrates, depends on activity mutualistic gut microorganisms. To address question importance microbiota endogenous (host) digestive processes millipedes, we analyzed metatranscriptomic data from tropical millipede Telodeinopus aoutii at holobiont level. Functional annotation included identification expressed CAZymes (CAZy families EC terms) host its intestinal microbiota, foregut, midgut, hindgut, compared non-intestinal tissues. Most 175 CAZy were exclusively more than 50% these microbial hindgut. greatest diversity all sections was found midgut (77 families). Bacteria major producers CAZymes, Proteobacteria dominating Bacteriodetes with Firmicutes contribution eukaryotic production negligible. classification confirmed a broad functional spectrum potentially holobiont. Degradation tract T. largely bacterial Endogenous cellulases not detected, except for cellulolytic family AA15, but an expression this EC-number had mainly amylases, indicating digesting α-glucosidases millipede. In contrast, lignocellulolytic are sparsely here. hindgut hotspot cellulose hemicellulases. gain gut, consequently status relationship between bacteria, ability take up metabolites as nutrients through wall. Enzymes intestine can degrade components lignin. Assuming that is partially degraded lignin diet, be considered decomposer matter relying primarily bacteria. deposition fecal pellets containing modified by community could ecological significance.