Persistence of salivary antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination is associated with oral microbiome variation in both healthy and people living with HIV

• DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079995
• Publication Date: 2023-01-10T21:01:24Z
• Authors: Mahin Ghorbani; Khaled Al-Manei; Sabrina Naud; Katie Healy; Giorgio Gabarrini; Michal Jacek Sobk...; Puran Chen; Shilpa Ray; Mira Akber; Sandra Muschiol; Gordana Bogdanovic; Peter Bergman; Per Ljungman; Marcus Buggert; Hans-Gustaf Ljung...; Elisa Pin; Piotr Nowak; Soo Aleman; Margaret Sällberg...
• Keywords: Prevotella; Oral Microbiome

Coevolution of microbiome and immunity at mucosal sites is essential for our health. Whether the oral microbiome, second largest community after gut, contributes to immunogenicity COVID-19 vaccines not known. We investigated baseline in individuals COVAXID clinical trial receiving BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Participants (n=115) included healthy controls (HC; n=57) people living with HIV (PLHIV; n=58) who met study selection criteria. Vaccine-induced Spike antibodies saliva serum from 0 6 months were assessed comparative analyses performed against individual salivary 16S ASV diversity. High- versus low vaccine responders on general, immunological, features. Our identified features enriched high- vs . low-responders among PLHIV participants. In low-responders, an enrichment Gram-negative, anaerobic species proteolytic activity found including Campylobacter, Butyrivibrio, Selenomonas, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Leptotrichia, Megasphaera, Prevotella Stomatobaculum high-responders, mainly Gram-positive saccharolytic facultative anaerobes: Abiotrophia, Corynebacterium, Gemella, Granulicatella, Rothia , Haemophilus Combining microbial a classifier using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) yielded scores 0.879 (healthy controls) 0.82 (PLHIV), supporting contribution long-term vaccination outcome. The present first suggest that has impact durability Covid-19 vaccination. Microbiome-targeted interventions enhance duration may be exploited.