Carbon and cost accounting for liner shipping under the European Union Emission Trading System

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1291968
• Publication Date: 2024-02-08T04:49:58Z
• Authors: Ling Sun; Xinghe Wang; Zijiang Hu; Zhong Ning
• Keywords: Carbon fibers

Excessive CO 2 emissions and increased total costs of liner shipping are the two main problems affecting environmental economic benefits companies under European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS). To address upcoming EU ETS, we propose a carbon cost accounting model for that accurately calculates shipping. We conduct case study containership operates on route from Far East to Northwest Europe. The results show sailing stage plays pivotal role in shipping, 94.70% emissions. Among four types fuel, using MGO is largest, while methanol smallest. Methanol, as an alternative proves be better choice than LNG control relationship between speed follows U-shaped curve selected containership. Notably, reduction effective only when exceeds 8.29 knots. Under key variable Speed may not always cost-effective. When keeping unchanged, should reduced allowance (EUA) price rises within certain range. For HFO, most economical knots, corresponding increase EUA 304.95% 261.21%, respectively. If continues rise, will become ineffective controlling This can enhance companies, meet compliance requirements provide new perspective