Larval dispersal and physical connectivity of Pheronema carpenteri populations in the Azores

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1393385
• Publication Date: 2024-10-22T12:49:10Z
• Authors: Cláudia Viegas; Manuela Juliano; Ana Colaço
• Keywords: larval dispersal; modelling; Pheronema carpenteri; deep-sea sponge; connectivity; Science; hydrodynamics; Q; General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution; QH1-199.5

The study of larval dispersal and connectivity between deep-sea populations is essential for the effective conservation management environments design implementation Marine Protected Areas. Dense sponge aggregations, known as “sponge grounds”, are a key component marine benthic ecosystems, by increasing structural complexity sea floor providing structure habitat many other species. These aggregations characteristic Azores environment. sessile organisms rely primarily on their reproduction. Connectivity specific Pheronema carpenteri in was studied using 3-D biophysical model. Different biological trait scenarios were analyzed, considering spawning seasonality pelagic duration. Model results indicate that regional circulation patterns drive dispersion, shaping population P. Azores, particularly among Central Group Azorean islands. Some areas present high retention rates, receiving larvae from several while also being important source aggregations. In contrast, Eastern may be isolated others. Larval analyzed concerning current configuration Areas (MPAs) Azores. underscored importance maintaining protection efforts existing MPAs identified stepping-stone locations sites where additional measures could enhance species