Outcomes of Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated With Hypomethylating Agents With or Without Venetoclax: A Propensity Score-Adjusted Cohort Study

• DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.858202
• Publication Date: 2022-03-31T07:29:53Z
• Authors: Moaath K. Mustafa...; Elizabeth M. Corley; Hanan Alharthy; Kathryn A. F. Kline; Jennie Y. Law; Seung Tae Lee; Sandrine Niyongere; Vu H. Duong; Ashkan Emadi; Maria R. Baer
• Keywords: Ven; Venetoclax; Azacitidine; Decitabine; Hypomethylating agent

There is a deficiency of real-world data on the impact combining venetoclax (VEN) with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. We conducted single-center, propensity-adjusted retrospective cohort study to compare composite complete remission (CCR) rates, median overall survival (m-OS) and event-free (m-EFS). A total 170 adult AML patients were treated first-line azacitidine (AZA) or decitabine (DEC) +/- VEN. Median age was 71 years 99 (58%) male. follow-up HMA HMA-VEN groups 79 21 months. Treatments included AZA alone (n=35, 21%), DEC (n=84, 49%), AZA-VEN (n=24, 14%) DEC-VEN (n=27, 16%). VEN improved CCR rates HMAs (52% vs. 27%, P<0.05) (54% 10%, P<0.05), but not (43% 32%, P=0.35); it did improve OS, only EFS for (10.5 3.8 months, P<0.05). lower than (13% 33%, OS different statistically. differ (CCR: 58% 52%, P=0.66), longer (m-OS: 12.3 2.2 P<0.05; m-EFS: 9.2 2.1 Our analysis showed that outcomes, not. associated outcomes compared DEC-VEN. Further studies are needed test benefit DEC.