Physiological Effects of Water Flow Induced Swimming Exercise in Seabream Sparus aurata

• DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.610049
• Publication Date: 2020-12-07T05:51:51Z
• Authors: Arjan P. Palstra; Ana Roque; Leo Kruijt; Pauline Jéhannet; Jaume Pérez-Sánchez; Ron P. Dirks
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; growth performance; Growth performance; Physiology; Stress resilience; robustness; Aquaculture; stress resilience; RNAseq; 03 medical and health sciences; aquaculture; Vertebral lordosis; 637; vertebral lordosis; QP1-981; 14. Life underwater; Robustness

A longer on-land rearing period of Gilthead seabream Sparus aurata before transfer to sea-cages would allow the farmer benefit from exercise-enhanced growth, resilience, and robustness as induced by increasing water flow in tanks. In this study, physiological effects flow-conditioning were investigated subjecting large groups experimental fish minimal or regimes inducing swimming exercise at 1 2 body length (BL) s −1 for a 8 months (February–October) 1,500 L Fish representing three treatment then used for: (1) stress challenge netting test plasma cortisol measurement (baseline, peaking, recovery levels), (2) blood measurements glucose, triglycerides, lactate, cholesterol, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like factor (IGF1), (3) heart muscle gene expression GH IGF1 receptors transcriptome deep RNA sequencing (RNAseq). size after conditioning was 92 ± 27 g weight (BW) under flow, 106 24 BW (+15%) BL , 125 (+36%) . Flow provided optimal conditions uniformity, but also (lowest baseline cortisol), (higher condition larger hearts), energy mobilization (increased glucose). Although enhanced linearly with speed, percentage lordotic increased exercise, particularly high The absence important differences IGF1, levels their white skeletal muscle, indicated that other factors may be involved enhancement. RNAseq showed upregulated genes contraction, development its molecular regulation, immune play role repair mechanism. An regime can considered farming robust although increase deformities should avoided.