The Garlic Allelochemical Diallyl Disulfide Affects Tomato Root Growth by Influencing Cell Division, Phytohormone Balance and Expansin Gene Expression

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01199
• Publication Date: 2016-08-08T23:28:58Z
• Authors: Fang Cheng; Zhihui Cheng; Huanwen Meng; Xiangwei Tang
• Keywords: Expansin; Diallyl disulfide; Mitotic index; Plant Physiology

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a volatile organosulfur compound derived from garlic (Allium sativum L.), and it known as an allelochemical responsible for the strong allelopathic potential of garlic. The anticancer properties DADS have been studied in experimental animals various types cancer cells, but to date, little about its mode action at cytological level. current research presents further studies on effects tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seed germination, root growth, mitotic index, cell size meristem, well phytohormone levels expression profile auxin biosynthesis genes (FZYs), transport (SlPINs), expansin (EXPs) root. results showed biphasic, dose-dependent effect germination growth under different concentrations. Lower concentrations (0.01-0.62 mM) significantly promoted whereas higher (6.20-20.67 inhibitory effects. Cytological observations that length meristem was increased activity meristematic cells seedling tips enhanced lower DADS. In contrast, inhibited by affecting both division cells. However, width not affected. Additionally, IAA ZR contents roots manner. influence content may be mediated up-regulation FZYs PINs. Further investigation into underlying mechanism revealed EXPs were affected EXPB2 beta-expansin precursor after 3 d, those EXP1, EXPB3 EXLB1 5 d treatment (0.41 mM). This result suggests regulated multiple developmental stages. Therefore, we conclude seedlings are likely caused changes associated with division, phytohormones, genes.