Patterns and profiles of drug resistance-conferring mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes isolated from tuberculosis-suspected attendees of spiritual holy water sites in Northwest Ethiopia

• DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1356826
• Publication Date: 2024-03-19T04:46:32Z
• Authors: Melese Abate Reta; Nontuthuko Excell...; P. Bernard Fourie
• Keywords: Holy water sites (HWSs); SDG-03: Good health and well-being; 0303 health sciences; Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB); drug-resistant TB; 610; gyrA; mutations; spoligotypes; 03 medical and health sciences; katG; Spoligotypes; Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB); Ethiopia; Public Health; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Spiritual holy water site attendees; rpoB; Mutations

Purpose This study examined the patterns and frequency of genetic changes responsible for resistance to first-line (rifampicin isoniazid), fluoroquinolones, second-line injectable drugs in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolated from culture-positive pulmonary (PTB) symptomatic attendees spiritual holy water sites (HWSs) Amhara region. Patients methods From June 2019 March 2020, a cross-sectional was carried out. A total 122 MTB isolates PTB-suspected HWSs region were evaluated their drug profiles, characterized gene mutations conferring rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), fluoroquinolones (FLQs), (SLIDs) using GenoType®MTBDR plus VER2.0 sl VER2.0. Drug-resistant Spoligotyped following manufacturer’s protocol. Results Genetic (mutations) RIF, INH, FLQs identified 15/122 (12.3%), 20/122 (16.4%), 5/20 (25%) isolates, respectively. In RIF-resistant, rpo B/Ser 531 Lue ( n = 12, 80%) most frequent followed by His 526 Tyr (6.7%). Amongst INH-resistant kat G/Ser 315 Thr1 19, 95%) frequent. Of 15 MDR-TB, majority had at both Leu Thr1. All 20 INH and/or RIF-resistant tested with MTBDR VER 2.0, yielding 5 FLQs-resistant Lue, Thr1, gyr A/Asp 94 Ala genes. 11, 55%) 6 (30%) SIT149/T3-ETH SIT21/CAS1-Kili sublineages, respectively; they any (mono-hetero/multi-). (RR/MDR-TB) 7 SIT149/T3-ETH, while sublineages. FLQ detected four lineages. Conclusion current study, common identified. constitute TB (DR-TB) isolates. To further understand complete spectrum changes/mutations related genotypes, sequencing technology is warranted.