Pixel Circuit Designs for Active Matrix Displays

• DOI: 10.3390/asi8020046
• Publication Date: 2025-04-01T08:21:01Z
• Authors: Dan-Mei Wei; Hua Zheng; Chun-Hua Tan; Shenghao Zhang; Hua-Dan Li; Lv Zhou; Yuanrui Chen; Chenchen Wei; Miao Xu; Lei Wang; Wei-Jing Wu; Honglong Ning; Baohua Jia

Pixel circuits are key components of flat panel displays, including liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diode displays (OLEDs), and micro light-emitting diode displays (micro-LEDs). Depending on the active layer material of the thin film transistor (TFT), pixel circuits are categorised into amorphous silicon (a-Si) technology, low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) technology, metal oxide (MO) technology, and low-temperature polycrystalline silicon and oxide (LTPO) technology. In this review, we outline the fundamental display principles and four major TFT technologies, covering conventional single-gated TFTs to novel two-gated TFTs. We focus on novel pixel circuits for three glass-based display technologies with additional mention of pixel circuits for silicon-based OLED and silicon-based micro-LED.