Fast Temperature Calculation Method for Spindle Servo Permanent Magnet Motors Under Full Operating Conditions Based on the Thermal Network Method

• DOI: 10.3390/electronics14040815
• Publication Date: 2025-02-19T13:36:46Z
• Authors: Sheng Ma; Yijia Li; Xueyan Hao; Bo Zhang; Wei Feng

In CNC machines, the temperature field analysis of spindle servo permanent magnet motors (SSPMMs) under rated load, overload, and weak magnetic conditions is critical for ensuring stable operation and machining accuracy. This paper proposes a temperature calculation method for SSPMMs based on the thermal network method, which is used to quickly evaluate the temperature performance of SSPMMs under different operating conditions during design. This method can calculate the steady-state or transient temperature rise under different operating conditions. First, the electromagnetic performance and heat sources of the SSPMMs were analyzed. Then, based on the thermal network method, the equivalent thermal resistances and equivalent heat dissipation coefficients of the motor components were calculated. By iterating the heat balance equation or solving the heat conduction equation for different operating conditions, the temperature distribution of SSPMMs under different operating conditions was obtained. The accuracy of the thermal network model was validated through temperature analysis using fluid–structure interaction simulations and prototype testing. The results show that the relative error between the winding temperature calculated by the proposed equivalent thermal network model and the measured temperature under different operating conditions is less than 5%. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the thermal management of SSPMM, which can quickly and accurately evaluate the temperature rise in the motor during design.