Brain-Computer Interface Based Engagement Feedback in Virtual Reality Rehabilitation: Promoting Motor Cortex Activation

• DOI: 10.3390/electronics14050827
• Publication Date: 2025-02-20T09:53:39Z
• Authors: Hyunmi Lim; Bilal Ahmed; Jeonghun Ku
• Keywords: Interface (matter)

Maintaining optimal levels of engagement during rehabilitation training is crucial for inducing neuroplasticity in the motor cortex, which directly influences positive outcomes. In this research article, we propose a virtual reality (VR) system that incorporates steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) paradigm to provide feedback. The utilizes flickering target and cursor detect user’s target-tracking task. Eighteen healthy participants were recruited experience three experimental conditions: no feedback (NoF), performance (PF), neurofeedback (NF). Our results reveal significantly greater Mu suppression NF condition compared other conditions. However, significant differences observed metrics, such as tracking error, among amount between PF conditions also showed substantial difference. These findings suggest efficacy our SSVEP-based stimulating cortex activity rehabilitation. Consequently, conclude neurofeedback, based on attentional state, proves be more effective promoting activation facilitating neuroplastic changes. This highlights integrating VR with an successful training.