Essential Oils and Hydrolates: Potential Tools for Defense against Bacterial Plant Pathogens

• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040702
• Publication Date: 2022-03-25T03:31:43Z
• Authors: Maria Rita Proto; Enrico Biondi; David Baldo; Matilde Levoni; Gianfranco Filippini; Monica Modesto; Maura Di Vito; Francesca Bugli; Claudio Ratti; Paola Minardi; Paola Mattarelli
• Keywords: Thymol; Thymus vulgaris; Carvacrol; Minimum bactericidal concentration; Ex vivo; Broth microdilution; Satureja

The essential oils (EOs) of Origanum compactum and Satureja montana chemotyped (CT) at carvacrol, two Thymus vulgaris CT thujanol thymol, Hydrolates (Hys) S. Citrus aurantium var. amara were chosen for studying their bactericidal efficacy against few phytobacterial pathogens. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Bactericidal (MBC) found by microdilution assay. O. (MBC 0.06% v/v), T. thymol Hy C. 6.25% v/v) resulted in being the most effective Erwinia amylovora; thus, they used as starting concentrations ex vivo assays. Despite great vitro effectiveness, disease incidence population dynamic assays showed no significant results. On other hand, EO (at 0.03% 4.5% v/v, respectively) resistance induction tomato plants Xanthomonas vesicatoria infections; both treatments approximately 50% protection. In conclusion, EOs Hys could be promising tools agricultural defense, but further studies will necessary to stabilize emulsions, while application an method prevent bacterial diseases when inducer pre-transplantation treatment roots.