High-Resolution and Low Blind Range Waveform for Migratory Insects’ Taking-Off and Landing Behavior Observation

• DOI: 10.3390/rs14133034
• Publication Date: 2022-06-27T02:50:23Z
• Authors: Rui Wang; Tianran Zhang; Kai Cui; Teng Yu; Qi Jiang; Rongjing Zhang; Jiayi Li; Cheng Hu
• Keywords: entomological radar; insect behavior observation; stepped frequency train of LFM pulses; grating lobe suppression; 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; Science; Q; stepped frequency train of LFM pulses; grating lobe suppression; entomological radar; insect behavior observation

The observation of taking-off and landing behaviors migratory insects is important for pest early monitoring forecasting. Entomological radar, which can measure the ascent or descent rates remotely, has been proved to be most effective way observe above behaviors. For current entomological radars, highest range resolution 7.5 m smallest blind 150 make it difficult distinguish individual in a swarm at low altitudes. In this paper, based on outfield data acquired from high-resolution radar 0.2 m, spatial spacing distribution presented first time waveform design requirements are analyzed, proving necessity higher resolution. Secondly, insects, stepped frequency train LFM pulses (also called frequency-jumped burst, FJB) discussed as optimal choice. order resolve high grating-lobe problem FJB with range, precise spectrum model its approximation subpulse derived detail. Then, according obtained characteristics, methods fluctuation period Fresnel integral windowing proposed reduce number more than 50% suppress grating lobe level by least 4 dB. Finally, VLR adopting waveform, several typical behavior results presented, proves that, their pattern, usually take off around sunset.