Climate Trends and Wheat Yield in Punjab, Pakistan: Assessing the Change and Impact

• DOI: 10.3390/su16114443
• Publication Date: 2024-05-24T07:46:56Z
• Authors: Syed Ali Asghar Shah; Huixin Wu; Muhammad Fahad Farid; Waqar-Ul-Hassan T...; Iftikhar Hussain ...
• Keywords: 01 natural sciences; 0105 earth and related environmental sciences

Climate change has made weather patterns less predictable, making situations more challenging for farmers throughout the production process. This study investigates impact of climatic variables (maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, humidity at 8 AM 5 PM) fertilizer application on wheat in Bahawalnagar district, a major producing region Punjab, Pakistan. The utilizes Mann–Kendall multiple linear regression analysis to check trends identify factors influencing yield from 1991 2022. utilized model compare actual predicted yields. results showed decreasing trend rainfall an increasing both maximum temperatures during growing season. Sen’s slope values temperature (0.037), (0.007), (0.275), PM (0.167) indicate direction magnitude trends. explained about 92% variance yield. (p = 0.001) shows significant positive correlation with Fertilizer use exhibited association (β 9.58). crops increased 112.4 kg/ha 284.3 2021. identifies that average loss 2022 is approximately 0.1208 t/ha per year because influence factors. findings underscore importance utilization adaptive agricultural practices can ensure food security improve sustainability region.