Predicting Cloud Conditions in Substellar Mass Objects Using Ultracool Dwarf Companions

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad1f6d
• Publication Date: 2024-02-29T09:37:16Z
• Authors: Emily Calamari; Jacqueline K. Fah...; Channon Visscher; Marina E. Gemma; Ben Burningham; Austin Rothermich
• Keywords: Enstatite; Forsterite

Abstract We present results from conducting a theoretical chemical analysis of sample benchmark companion brown dwarfs whose primary star is type F, G, or K. summarize the entire known these types systems, termed “compositional benchmarks,” that are in literature recently published as key systems study order to best understand dwarf chemistry and condensate formation. Via mass balance stoichiometric calculations, we predict median atmospheric oxygen sink <?CDATA ${17.8}_{-2.3}^{+1.7} \% $?> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>17.8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.7</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>%</mml:mo> </mml:math> by utilizing stellar abundances local solar neighborhood. Additionally, silicate condensation sequence such atmospheres with bulk Mg/Si ≲0.9 will form enstatite (MgSiO 3 ) quartz (SiO 2 clouds, ≳0.9 forsterite (Mg SiO 4 clouds. The implications on C/O ratio trends substellar-mass objects utility predictions future modeling work discussed.