Interleukin-6 promotes the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and upregulates the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9

• DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2323
• Publication Date: 2014-03-05T12:03:41Z
• Authors: WEI SUN; DONG-BO LIU; WEN-WEN LI; LIN-LI ZHANG; GUO-XIAN LONG; JUN-FENG WANG; QI MEI; GUO-QING HU
• Keywords: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Interleukin-6; Carcinoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Receptors, Interleukin-6; 3. Good health; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Cell Movement; Cell Line, Tumor; Humans; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Cell Proliferation; Signal Transduction

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) shows the highest invasive and metastatic features among head and neck cancers. Distant metastasis remains the predominant mode of treatment failure in NPC patients. The role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in NPC progression is not fully understood. In this study, we explored whether IL-6 could promote the migration and invasion activity of NPC cell lines, as well as whether the effect of IL-6 on cell migration and invasion is mediated through regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. Our results revealed that IL-6 and its receptors are broadly expressed in various NPC cell lines including HNE1, HONE1, CNE1, CNE1-LMP1 and 5-8F. Exogenous IL-6 enhanced cell proliferation slightly, but promoted cell migration and invasion significantly in both HNE1 and CNE1-LMP1 cell lines. In addition, an elevation in the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 could be induced by IL-6 stimulation. On the contrary, combining treatment with monoclonal anti-human IL-6R antibody (anti-IL-6R mAb) resulted in decreased proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of NPC cells. Anti-IL-6R mAb also inhibited the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in IL-6-stimulated HNE1 and CNE1-LMP1 cells. In summary, our data suggested that IL-6 mainly promotes the cell migration and invasion of NPC cells. The effect of IL-6 on cell migration and invasion may be mediated through regulation of the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Thus, IL-6 or its related signaling pathways may be a promising target for preventing and inhibiting NPC metastasis.