Characterization of gene expression regulated by American ginseng and ginsenoside Rg3 in human colorectal cancer cells

• DOI: 10.3892/ijo.32.5.975
• Publication Date: 2014-03-10T07:32:52Z
• Authors: Xiaoji Luo; Chong-Zhi Wang; Jin Chen; Wen-Xin Song; Jinyong Luo; Ni Tang; Bai-Cheng He; Quan Kang; Yitao Wang; Wei Du; Tong-Chuan He; Chun-Su Yuan
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ginsenosides; Plant Extracts; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Gene Expression Profiling; Panax; Reproducibility of Results; HCT116 Cells; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Plant Roots; United States; 3. Good health; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; 03 medical and health sciences; Cluster Analysis; Humans; Gene Regulatory Networks; Colorectal Neoplasms; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cell Proliferation; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L., Araliaceae) possesses anti-cancer potential and is one of the most commonly used herbal medicines in United States. Ginsenoside Rg3, saponins ginseng, has been shown to inhibit tumor growth. In this study, we sought characterize downstream genes targeted by extracts HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells. We first demonstrated that content Rg3 steamed at 120°C for 2 h (referred as S2h) was significantly increased when compared with unsteamed ginseng. Both S2h exhibited antiproliferative effects on Using Affymetrix high density genechips containing more than 40,000 ESTs, gene expression profiling cells were assayed. Microarray data indicated levels 76 changed after treatment or whereby it found 52 up-regulated while remaining 24 down-regulated. Ingenuity pathways analysis top functions affected both carried out. The effected pathway Ephrin receptor pathway. To validate microarray data, quantitative real-time PCR six candidate target conducted, three (AKAPA8L, PMPCB PDE5A) down-regulated (PITPNA, DUS2L RIC8A). Although further studies are needed elucidate mechanisms action, our findings should expand understanding molecular framework an agent.