Habitats Directive in northern Italy: a series of proposals for habitat definition improvement

• DOI: 10.3897/pls2023601/06
• Publication Date: 2023-07-03T14:58:45Z
• Authors: Gianmaria Bonari; Michele Dalle Fratte; Michele Lonati; Marco Caccianiga; Cesare Lasen; Stefano Armiraglio; Matteo Barcella; Gabriella Buffa; Bruno Enrico Leon...; Andrea Mainetti; Luca Miserere; Giuseppe Oriolo; Alberto Selvaggi
• Keywords: 0106 biological sciences; Alpine biogeographical region; Alps; Habitat types; Natura 2000 network; Plant culture; Nature Conservation; 15. Life on land; Alpine biogeographical region; Alps; Annex I; Habitat types; Habitats Directive; Natura 2000 network; Nature conservation; 01 natural sciences; Annex I; SB1-1110; Habitats Directive; Alpine biogeographical region, Alps, Annex I, Habitats Directive, Habitat types, Natura 2000 network, Nature conservation; 13. Climate action; Nature conservation; QK900-989; Plant ecology; Habitat types, Annex I, Alps, Nature Conservation, Natura 2000 network, Alpine biogeographical region, Habitats Directive

Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) is the cornerstone of nature conservation in Europe and is at the core of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. There is room, however, for its improvement, at least for northern Italy, where ambiguities in the definition of habitat types of Annex I of the Habitats Directive are not novel and interpretation difficulties have been highlighted. Sharpening the characterization of habitat types represents an opportunity for lowering classification uncertainties and improving conservation success. With the aim to refine the definitions of habitat types and associated typical species of the Habitats Directive, a group of vegetation scientists of the Italian Society of Vegetation Science based in northern Italy made the exercise of finding viable proposals for those habitat types having a problematic interpretation in the Alpine biogeographical region of Italy. Such proposals arise from group discussions among scientists, and professionals, thus offering a shared view. We prepared 9 habitat proposals important for this geographic area. They include new habitat types at the European level, new subtypes within pre-existing habitat types, including some adjustments of the recently proposed subtypes with respect to northern Italy, and recognition of priority criteria for a pre-existing habitat type. With a vision of tailored conservation, our proposals represent a starting point in view of a future update of Annex I. Furthermore, the list of typical species could be useful for preparing expert systems for automatic classification. Irrespective of legally binding solutions in place, we caution these proposals represent relevant baseline conservation indications that local and regional administrations of the Alpine Arch should consider.