Manipulation of starch bioaccessibility in wheat endosperm to regulate starch digestion, postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, and gut hormone responses: a randomized controlled trial in healthy ileostomy participants

• DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.106203
• Publication Date: 2015-09-03T02:49:01Z
• Authors: Cathrina H Edwards; Myriam ML Grundy; Terri Grassby; Dafni Vasilopoulou; Gary S Frost; Peter J Butterworth; Sarah EE Berry; Jeremy Sanderson; Peter R Ellis
• Keywords: Digestion; Resistant Starch; Crossover study

Cereal crops, particularly wheat, are a major dietary source of starch, and the bioaccessibility starch has implications for postprandial glycemia. The structure properties plant foods have been identified as critical factors in influencing nutrient bioaccessibility; however, physical biochemical disassembly cereal food during digestion not widely studied.The aims this study were to compare effects 2 porridge meals prepared from wheat endosperm with different degrees on metabolism (e.g., glycemia) gain insight into structural breakdown test gastroileal transit.A randomized crossover trial 9 healthy ileostomy participants was designed 55 g provided coarse (2-mm particles) or smooth (<0.2-mm porridge, changes blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, lipids, gut hormones resistant (RS) content ileal effluent. Undigested output examined microscopically identify cell walls encapsulated starch.Blood glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentrations significantly lower (i.e., 33%, 43%, 40%, 50% 120-min incremental AUC, respectively) after consumption than (P < 0.01). In vitro, slower (33% less digested at 90 min, P 0.05, paired t test). vivo, integrity particles (∼2 mm) retained transit. Microscopic examination revealed progressive loss periphery toward particle core. meal had no effect amount pattern RS output.The is largely primary role rate amylolysis and, consequently, metabolism. This registered isrctn.org ISRCTN40517475.