Prediagnostic selenium status and hepatobiliary cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort

• DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.131672
• Publication Date: 2016-06-30T03:33:41Z
• Authors: David J Hughes; Talita Duarte-Salles; Sandra Hybsier; Antonia Trichopoulou; Magdalena Stepien; Krasimira Aleksan...; Kim Overvad; Anne Tjønneland; Anja Olsen; Aurélie Affret; Guy Fagherazzi; Marie-Christine B...; Verena Katzke; Rudolf Kaaks; Heiner Boeing; Christina Bamia; Pagona Lagiou; Eleni Peppa; Domenico Palli; Vittorio Krogh; Salvatore Panico; Rosario Tumino; Carlotta Sacerdote; Hendrik Bastiaan ...; Petra H Peeters; Dagrun Engeset; Elisabete Weiderpass; Cristina Lasheras; Antonio Agudo; Maria-José Sánchez; Carmen Navarro; Eva Ardanaz; Miren Dorronsoro; Oskar Hemmingsson; Nicholas J Wareham; Kay-Tee Khaw; Kathryn E Bradbury; Amanda J Cross; Marc Gunter; Elio Riboli; Isabelle Romieu; Lutz Schomburg; Mazda Jenab
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Male; Hepatocellular carcinoma; selenoprotein P; Medicine (miscellaneous); 09 Engineering; 0302 clinical medicine; Risk Factors; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; Odds Ratio; Prospective Studies; selenium; BILIARY-TRACT; 11 Medical and Health Sciences; Nutrition and Dietetics; SELENOMETHIONINE; Liver Neoplasms; Gallbladder; CHRONIC HEPATITIS; hepatocellular carcinoma; Hepatobiliary cancer; Middle Aged; 3. Good health; Europe; Biliary Tract Neoplasms; Liver; selenium status; PLASMA SELENIUM; VIRUS; Female; Selenium status; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Liver cancer; SELENOPROTEIN-P; EXPRESSION; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; BIOMARKERS; prospective cohort; Nutritional Status; hepatobiliary cancer; liver cancer; Selenium; 03 medical and health sciences; Selenoprotein P; Journal Article; Humans; Aged; Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Carcinoma; Hepatocellular; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; Prospective cohort; hepatobiliary cancer; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver cancer; prospective cohort; selenium; selenium status; selenoprotein P; Logistic Models; Case-Control Studies; Bile Ducts; Deficiency Diseases

BACKGROUND: Selenium status is suboptimal in many Europeans and may be a risk factor for the development of various cancers, including those of the liver and biliary tract. OBJECTIVE: We wished to examine whether selenium status in advance of cancer onset is associated with hepatobiliary cancers in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study. DESIGN: We assessed prediagnostic selenium status by measuring serum concentrations of selenium and selenoprotein P (SePP; the major circulating selenium transfer protein) and examined the association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n = 121), gallbladder and biliary tract cancers (GBTCs; n = 100), and intrahepatic bile duct cancer (IHBC; n = 40) risk in a nested case-control design within the EPIC study. Selenium was measured by total reflection X-ray fluorescence, and SePP was determined by a colorimetric sandwich ELISA. Multivariable ORs and 95% CIs were calculated by using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: HCC and GBTC cases, but not IHBC cases, showed significantly lower circulating selenium and SePP concentrations than their matched controls. Higher circulating selenium was associated with a significantly lower HCC risk (OR per 20-μg/L increase: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.72) but not with the risk of GBTC or IHBC. Similarly, higher SePP concentrations were associated with lowered HCC risk only in both the categorical and continuous analyses (HCC: P-trend ≤ 0.0001; OR per 1.5-mg/L increase: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.63). CONCLUSION: These findings from a large prospective cohort provide evidence that suboptimal selenium status in Europeans may be associated with an appreciably increased risk of HCC development.