Testicular parenchymal abnormalities in Klinefelter syndrome: a question of cancer? Examination of 40 consecutive patients

• DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.128514
• Publication Date: 2014-05-14T11:05:27Z
• Authors: Daniela Pasquali; Giacomo Accardo; Gianfranco Vallone; Daniela Esposito; Filomena Barbato; Andrea Renzullo; Giovanni Conzo; Giovanni Docimo; Katherine Esposito
• Keywords: Klinefelter syndrome; Human chorionic gonadotropin

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a hypergonadotropic hypogonadism characterized by 47, XXY karyotype. The risk of testicular cancer in KS interest relation to theories about etiology generally; nevertheless it seems be low. We evaluated the need for imaging and serum tumor markers screening KS. Participants were 40 consecutive patients, enrolled from December 2009 January 2013. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin subunit (β-HCG) levels assays ultrasound (US) with color Doppler, carried out at study entry, after 6 months every year 3 years. Abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) was performed when US showed micro-calcifications, nodules cysts. Nearly 62% had regular echotexture, 37.5% an irregular echotexture 17.5% micro-calcifications Eighty seven percent vascular pattern, 12.5% varicocele, <1 cm, but none >1 cm. MR ruled diagnosis all micro calcifications, No significant variations LDH, AFP, β-HCG pattern have been detected during follow-up. compared between without cryptorchidism no statistical differences found. did not find KS, US, were, selected cases, useful tools correctly discriminating benign malignant lesions.